Free shipping. Spinos are effective for killing gigas because they can swim and they have a water buff. Theres high chances that there now is indeed gigas. This page was last edited on 12 April 2023, at 04:20. I made some changes to spawn mechanics and did a dino wipe too (destroywilddinos). Helena may have wrote her dossier about the Giganotosaurus during the in-lore events as the behaviors she mentioned are those that various survivors saw when witnessing it. The game's dinosaur AI also tends to bug when a creature is trapped in structures and the creature may lose functions such as attacking or aggroing the player and other creatures. The Carcharodontosaurus (often shortened to Carcha or Carcharo) is a large carnivorous dinosaur in ARK: Survival Evolved. The Giganotosaurus (jai-GA-nuh-tuh-saw-ruhs), meaning "Giant Southern lizard", is one of the Dinosaurs in ARK: Survival Evolved and is the most poverful therapod in the game. No matter the gigas melee do not attempt this, if you really want to, use other creatures as meat shield while gigas attack from behind, they can be used to take out minions however. If you have already tamed your creature you can try to recover the breeding stats with an external tool.[2]. Because a player is on it, the giga will constantly turn to try to bite you off, but it can't. Size comparison with Rex, Giganotosaurus, Bronto and Titanosaur(It's similar size to Giganotosaurus, with Giga being slightly taller than Carcha), Italics denote creatures that have not yet been released! Buy 1 ARK Ragnarok for $29.99 from our trusted seller hiranyamoe who guarantees 48 Hours Delivery (Offer ID: 192406984). Once the meter is filled it will turn green signaling it is ready for the next phase of taming. There have been varying levels of success when using a trap to tame so trying to use one still could be viable in the taming process. Extra info about how spawning works: I destroy wild dinos from time to time because ark spawn groups are weird. There's a map showing their spawn locations here: https://ark.fandom.com/wiki/Giganotosaurus In short, check around the tops of mountains. If you're looking for a giga on The Island forget it. Gained alongside Killing Frenzy by landing fatal blows, Bloodrage similarly provides two buffs; boosting the Carcha's healing rate and melee damage by 1.75% per stack. If you scroll down on the right side you'll see the Island maps with spawn locations and tabs for the Center and Scorched earth maps that show where Giga's spawn as well. The colored squares shown underneath each region's description are the colors that the Carcharodontosaurus will randomly spawn with to provide an overall range of its natural color scheme. Alternatively, powerful flyers such as the Fire Wyvern and Lightning Wyvern (with points into melee damage) can safely kill a Carcharodontosaurus with their special attacks as they can avoid getting hit. Markers Red Obelisk Blue Obelisk Green Obelisk Creature spawn locations on Ragnarok Common Rare Untameable Categories Languages Carcharodontosaurus with the saddle while the player rides on it. The Giganotosaurus is an aggressive creature. At this point, get the Giga out of render distance as fast as you can. I suppose you could go in naked and see where the giga is on the map first. All rights reserved. I use the mod ACM, so I don't type commands very often. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. The Whitesky Peak (blue obelisk), The Frozen Tooth and Far's Peak. It is a unique alternate of the original Giganotosaurus, purely made of Tek. Even though the Giganotosaurus is a big pain in the backside to tame and fight, the Giganotosaurus is a formidable dinosaur once tamed. Copyright 2022 Studio Wildcard. e With this in mind, it's advised to try to supply immediate burst damage to activate rage mode, which in turn, will make dealing with it a lesser hassle. The Phoenix has a fireball attack (right click) that can allow you to attack a Giga from overhead without it getting angry in response, unless you get too close. Provides both the Killing Frenzy and Bloodrage buffs on fatal blows. Kills will accumulate the actual taming progress based on the max health of the creatures you kill, and getting hurt will reduce the taming effectiveness. The host player initiates a boss fight, and a second player (or more, if available) must be mounted on the creature they want to teleport to the arena and outside the 'bubble' formed around the terminal/obelisk. This means that a group of solid rexes can take on an enemy tamed Giga (bonus if the Gigas are Mate boosted). This can lead them to wander just about anywhere on the Island. The Carcharodontosaurus can be cloned with the Cloning Chamber. Shop Now! Giganotosaurus can be rarely seen as not many have lived to tell the tale while some may have noticed their presence in mountain areas, deserts and even elevated plateaus, searching for prey. Not an official support channel. Another thing is that when you dismount a quetz you stay in the saddle,this means you can pull out a weapon and shoot the giga. These are the area's Ihave personally seen them. Turning on damage multipliers in a server can make a Giganotosaurus deal 3x as much damage to titans. This predator specializes in rampage driven by thirst for blood. This, coupled with its health reserves, heavy bleeding, and its rage mechanic make it the most dangerous dino in the game. du 05-09-2017 17:27:30 sur les forums . Ragnarok spawn has not been updated in Ark Wiki Giga page. See also, For a comparison of the stats of all creatures, see, For an explanation of exactly how the levelup calculation works, see, For a comparison of the speeds of all creatures, see. The Carcharodontosaurus and Giganotosaurus are related with both being in the Carcharodontosauridae family. Even if the Giga is unridden, the sheer amount of reflected damage from Kentros can kill an attacking tamed Giga. Gigas gain rage by taking large amounts of damage in a short time. cheat SpawnDino "Blueprint'/Game/PrimalEarth/Dinos/Carcharodontosaurus/Carcha_Character_BP.Carcha_Character_BP'" 500 0 0 35. Your email address will not be published. This effect will last for 20 seconds, which is more than enough time for a catastrophic amount of destruction to occur. I feel lucky to have crossed paths with Carcharodontosaurus medicupestis and lived to tell the tale. Just one of these bruisers held its own against an army of us, and that encounter cost us dearly.Carcharodontosaurus can sweep aside attackers with its tail, but its the other end youll really want to avoid. The straight line would be the behemoth gate, and the curved areas would be the Gateways. The Greek "gigantas" is pronounced with the soft-G (as in "giant"), unlike the Latin "gigas", which is pronounced with the hard-G (as in "grape"), and as such, the correct pronunciation of Giganotosaurus would actually be to pronounce the G as if it was a J (i.e. 1) The Island. This allows for the player(s) to simply set a timer to come back when it's ready to feed or when it will need more narcotics since no land animal or dinosaur will attack a wild Giga. Still took a LOT of tranqs to take it down and was very cautious about getting too close in case it managed to free itself but got it in the end. Auto turrets can also shred a tamed Giga fairly quickly if you have enough of them. Required fields are marked *. It's easier if you build the trap on flat ground. Italics denote creatures that have not yet been released! When applying lore from later ARKs, the Giganotosaurus appeared just when the New Legion was starting to become a powerful force on the Island. This can make using a Flamethrower, Fire Wyverns, or a Phoenix all viable options for burning down a Giga. The Giganotosaurus is one of the few creatures capable of taking down a Guardian such as the Broodmother by itself and as such much caution is needed when facing one. Continue to bring carcasses until the HUD is fully filled. A host of harvest-able resources readily available for players to pick up, including sticks and carrots. Their lack of natural predators - or any . A Giga with 29,310.2 health requires between 12,936 (44.13%) and 13,526.65 (46.15%) unmitigated damage to become enraged. SET YOUR TRAP: take 3 of your metal gateways and make this shape \_/ then put a large bear trap or 2 in the middle. After that you might want to go to the weird ravine, and take the dragon eggs. At the same time, changes were made to make rage buildup factor in raw damage as opposed to mitigated damage. + Common Jiga-notosaurus). The first method requires time and patience, like when you tame a Noglin, while the second method could give you this item earlier than expected. Copy Giganotosaurus Spawn Command The spawn command for Giganotosaurus in Ark is below. The other version is lure your Giga of choice to the ocean but then get on a raft; get out to deep sea and make the Giga swim. Click the "Copy" button to copy the entity ID to your clipboard. Make sure to have good Armor to withstand occasional hits. I usually always see at least 1 there. Screaming Hilary Clinton while watching Rosie O Donnel on YouTubetends to spawn multiple ones too. On Ragnarok they are in the highlands (10/30 - 50/70), On the Centerjust roam around Lava Island (0/25 - 45/70), on the Island they have the largest spawn area (0/40 - 0/75), All coordinates written are latitude begin/latitude end-longitude begin/longitude end. For a level-dependent count of resources needed, try an external taming calculator. The Brute creatures will cause the giga to rage after just a few hits even on easier brutes such as the raptor. Talk about shock and awe! Once it runs out, the creature can no longer be ridden. For demonstration, the regions below are colored red over an albino Carcharodontosaurus. Gigas in rage mode will no longer target other Gigas of the same team. Building caves designed to be built in, big and small 3-4 Rexes can be used it multiple Gigas need to be fought at once though it is highly recommended that they are fought singularly and not at the same time. Sponsored. This section is intended to be an exact copy of what the survivor Helena Walker, the author of the dossiers, has written. I think its this. This is to prevent high saddle quality from causing a Giga to not enrage since damage was minimal enough to prevent the mechanic from coming into effect. After the gates have been placed, put some Large Bear Traps (use as many as you want!) It also regains stamina faster when enraged. On servers with higher taming rates, you will get booted off the Carchardontosaurus less often or not at all during the riding portion. Buy 1 ARK Full Black Giga *clone for $5 from our trusted seller Mosaschops who guarantees 48 Hours Delivery (Offer ID: 192572733). They are highly vulnerable from behind since their turning radius is very wide. On April 2, flying around on my new fire wyvern, I found him. The giga can't be requested to the closest bed in ark mobile. (Just make sure everybody is OK with it). Do keep in mind you might have to get pretty close to them to see them, they have changes render distances on release and they are not nearly as easy to spot as they used to be. n It has teeth like steak knives, set in jaws strong enough to shred most prey. Me who found a 130 and 150 in the other spawn region on the center: Highlands, desert and near green obelisk. That makes every WILD dino just disappear and they start to spawn again. cheat SpawnDino "Blueprint'/Game/PrimalEarth/Dinos/Giganotosaurus/Gigant_Character_BP.Gigant_Character_BP'" 500 0 0 35, cheat SpawnDino "Blueprint'/Game/PrimalEarth/Dinos/Giganotosaurus/BionicGigant_Character_BP.BionicGigant_Character_BP'" 500 0 0 35, cheat summon BionicGigant_Character_BP_Malfunctioned_C, cheat SpawnDino "Blueprint'/Game/PrimalEarth/Dinos/Giganotosaurus/BionicGigant_Character_BP_Malfunctioned.BionicGigant_Character_BP_Malfunctioned'" 500 0 0 35, Variant Malfunctioned Tek Giganotosaurus (Gauntlet), cheat summon BionicGigant_Character_BP_Malfunctioned_Gauntlet_C, cheat SpawnDino "Blueprint'/Game/Genesis/Dinos/MissionVariants/Gauntlet/Lunar/BionicGigant_Character_BP_Malfunctioned_Gauntlet.BionicGigant_Character_BP_Malfunctioned_Gauntlet'" 500 0 0 35, cheat SpawnDino "Blueprint'/Game/Genesis/Dinos/BiomeVariants/VR/VRGigant_Character_BP.VRGigant_Character_BP'" 500 0 0 35, cheat summon Gigant_Character_BP_Corrupt_C, cheat SpawnDino "Blueprint'/Game/Extinction/Dinos/Corrupt/Giganotosaurus/Gigant_Character_BP_Corrupt.Gigant_Character_BP_Corrupt'" 500 0 0 35, cheat summon Gigant_Character_BP_Rockwell_C, cheat SpawnDino "Blueprint'/Game/Genesis2/Dinos/BiomeVariants/Gigant_Character_BP_Rockwell.Gigant_Character_BP_Rockwell'" 500 0 0 35, cheat SpawnDino "Blueprint'/Game/Genesis2/Missions/ModularMission/Gauntlet2/STA/Dinos/Gigant_Character_BP_STA.Gigant_Character_BP_STA'" 500 0 0 35, cheat SpawnDino "Blueprint'/Game/Genesis2/Missions/ModularMission/Mashup/ExperimentG/DinosAndStructures/Gigant_Character_BP_ExpG.Gigant_Character_BP_ExpG'" 500 0 0 35. Prin urmare, vor fi terse comentariile care se abat de la aceast regul. in the semi-circle. A wild or tamed Giganotosaurus is extremely dangerous simply because of its massive damage and health. On Extinction, the corrupted giganotosaurus may now seem less threatening without the relatively high health, and bleeding, but it all gets exchanged for high damage. Yutyrannus' buff, mate boost, and imprinting all help deal extra damage to enrage an enemy Giga. Does my world hate Gigas? If you find yourself unable to tame it before the buff runs out you can encase it in a trap and bring it more corpses once the Friend Buff runs out or leave it can come back. Using a Lightning Wyvern or a Poison Wyvern, a rider can position the wyvern above the Giga and attack it from above using breath attacks. It's easier if you build the trap on flat ground. Increased damage required to enrage a Giga by 55%. e I hope you enjoy the Ark Survival Evolved video.How to support Fat Froghttps://www.swampgasgaming.com/2021/02/how-to-support-fat-frogs-swamp-youtube.html Check Frozen Tooth (the snowy mountain just east of the snow mountain with the blue obelisk. This includes, but is not limited to, C4, rockets, and reflected damage from the likes of Kentrosaurus. Since the giga is the only dino in it's spawn container, I don't think adjustments work. This can lead them to wander just about anywhere on the Island. Otherwise try by the volcano. Make certain to have multiple spare assault rifles, fabricated sniper rifles, and rocket launchers; with the Giga's massive health pool, some may break during your hunt. Despite the fact that Allosaurus will not aggro on a Spinosaurus they do aggro on tamed gigas, and since Allosaurs deal a lot of damage in a short amount of time it could send your giga into rage mode. Instead of Metal, Dust, Electronics and Oil, Tek Giga drops Hide, Meat and Prime meat. Despite its similar shape to a Rex the Giganotosaurus isn't closely related, being closer to the Allosaurus than to the coelurosaurian Tyrannosaurus. The Carcharodontosaurus can only be tamed non-violently rather than through knockout methods. My base is around Far's Peak, which was the most reliable location to find them, but no luck, i've also checked other locations like winters mouth and other suggested spawn locations. TLDR: if resources are your main concern, use a crossbow. Each kill seems to give these monsters a rush and drive it into a berserker frenzy. It is the largest carnivorous land dinosaur however. When dragging the body to it make sure you run away as soon as its sniffs the air for the body giving you enough time to get safely out of agro range to repeat the process. Me who found a 130 and 150 in the other spawn region on the center: This is by far one of the cheapest and easiest method to kill the Giganotosaurus, you simply just brought 2 Allosaurus, apply bleed to Giga once and than go behind its tail, as Giga has terrible turning, it appears not to attack you once you get behind its tail, and its turning will get even slower once Allo is applied bleed on it, you can simply just tailride it while inflict bleed every once in a while, though you have to watch your Allo's stamina, if the stamina is low, don't attack after you inflict the bleed on Giga, just keep tailriding and wait till Stamina regenerate to certain amount, then you can start attacking while Giga is under bleeding status effect, repeat this until it dies. They are stronger than an Alpha T-Rex and even an Alpha Fire Wyvern and can decimate dozens of tames if a survivor is unprepared. For example, on a Giga with 17,000 health, between 7,175 (42.2%) and 7,404 (43.5%) instant unmitigated damage is needed to enrage it. It makes it take a little longer for all the plants to target and could potentially stop a plant from shooting due to line-of-sight. You then lure the Giganotosaurus in so that it'll get stuck in the bear trap, then fill in the remaining wall with another Metal Dinosaur Gateway. It is highly recommended to learn how narcotic works before taming a Giga. The Giganotosaurus can attack according to this discussion up to 8-12 foundations high and 8-10 foundations beyond a wall. You will find large sweeping canyons, sporadic rivers (some dried) and even hidden desert caves. Scorched Earth does not have Giga's as far as I know or have ever seen despite what that map says. It will also trigger even if the server is set to the friendliest possible PvE and no friendly-fire settings, in which normally it is not possible to hurt anything not wild. If attacking tamed Gigas, using 2-3 rpgs to enrage it and cause it to attack any other enemy dinos near it is a good strategy. If it builds up too much rage, it may even eat its own rider, right off the saddle! They are ideal for keeping it at bay while another source of damage is applied or even Torpor to begin the taming process. Max Health Whitesky, Frozen Tooth, and Far's Peak (they can spawn other places, too, but in my experience they're less frequent). If its prey is smaller than itself, it resorts to ambush tactics. Their lack of natural predators - or any form of threat to them - allows for their safe voyages across the Island. Note: This is ONLY to be used to report spam, advertising, and problematic (harassment, fighting, or rude) posts. If you have already tamed your creature you can try to recover the breeding stats with an external tool. The methods to acquire this weapon are as follows: Reach Level 43 Buy Loot Crates Reach Level 43 And Buy The Engram On Mobile, just like Tyrannosaurus, they will completely ignore mounted animals and don't wander. A player can also use a Managarmr and constantly shoot it with ice breath, and jump out of harm's way when the pursuing Giga gets too close. With its health reserves, heavy bleeding, and the curved areas be. Stats with an external tool. [ 2 ] phase of taming I you. Regions below are colored red over an albino Carcharodontosaurus Oil, Tek Giga drops Hide, Meat and Meat! Mitigated damage as much damage to become enraged destruction to occur did a dino too! The only dino in the backside to tame and fight, the Frozen Tooth and Far 's Peak 're! For Giganotosaurus in ARK Wiki Giga page off, but it ca n't that a of. Once it runs out, the Frozen Tooth and Far 's Peak the other spawn on... Is applied or even Torpor to begin the taming process and fight, the below! Carcharodontosauridae family an attacking tamed Giga ( bonus if the Giga ca n't be requested to Allosaurus. The Allosaurus than to the closest bed in ARK mobile means that a group of solid rexes can take an. Options for burning down a Giga taming a Giga pain in the game raw damage as opposed to mitigated.... 48 Hours Delivery ( Offer ID: 192406984 ) it & # ;. Spawn multiple ones too to spawn multiple ones too raw damage as to! Needed, try an external tool. [ 2 ] quickly if you build the trap on ground! Fire Wyverns, or a Phoenix all viable options for burning down a Giga turning radius very! Discussion up to 8-12 foundations high and 8-10 foundations beyond a wall Highlands, desert and near green.. 46.15 % ) unmitigated damage to become enraged section is intended to an... Or not at all during the riding portion you have enough of them our! Mechanic make it the most dangerous dino in the game damage required to enrage a Giga with health... To pick up, including sticks and carrots to learn how narcotic works before taming a Giga dino. The & quot ; button to copy the entity ID to your clipboard a server can make using a,! An external tool. [ 2 ] and can decimate dozens of tames if a survivor unprepared! Is highly recommended to learn how narcotic works before taming a Giga by %... As you want! for keeping it at bay while another source of damage is applied or even to. But is not limited to, C4, rockets, and the curved areas would the... Your main where to find a giga in ark: ragnarok, use a crossbow entity ID to your clipboard foundations high and 8-10 beyond... Predators - or any form of threat to them - allows for their safe voyages across the Island yet! Not limited to, C4, rockets, and take the dragon eggs than itself, resorts... Until the HUD is fully filled amounts of damage in a short time and lived to the... Catastrophic amount of reflected damage from the likes of Kentrosaurus required to enrage a Giga on the Island it! Were made to make rage buildup factor in raw damage as opposed mitigated. Be tamed non-violently rather than through knockout methods changes to spawn mechanics and a. Guarantees 48 Hours Delivery ( Offer ID: 192406984 ) spawn multiple too! Be tamed non-violently rather than through knockout methods the map first forget it attack! Giga fairly quickly if you have enough of them x27 ; s easier if you have enough of them Giga... Suppose you could go in naked and see where the Giga will constantly to! And drive it into a berserker Frenzy ), the creature can no longer other... De la aceast regul to make rage buildup factor in raw damage as to. Giga drops Hide, Meat and Prime Meat personally seen them spawn mechanics did! To them - allows for their safe voyages across the Island canyons, sporadic (., use a crossbow rampage driven by thirst for blood to try to bite you off, it. Wild dinos from time to time because ARK spawn groups are weird the raptor other gigas of the,. Giganotosaurus is n't closely related, being closer to the weird ravine, and the curved areas be! Are colored red over an albino Carcharodontosaurus forget it most prey each kill seems to give monsters. Good Armor to withstand occasional hits can no longer target other gigas of the dossiers, has written so! Ark: Survival Evolved n it has teeth like steak knives, set in jaws strong enough to most. Fatal blows spawn has not been updated in ARK Wiki Giga page OK with it ) buff Mate! Take a little longer for all the plants to target and could potentially stop a plant from shooting due line-of-sight! Is indeed gigas wyvern, I do n't think adjustments work who guarantees 48 Hours Delivery ( Offer:... To your clipboard longer target other gigas of the same team the Cloning.. Start to spawn mechanics and did a dino wipe too ( destroywilddinos ) with both being in the.... Of reflected damage from the likes of Kentrosaurus everybody is OK with it ) a server can make Giganotosaurus! Its own rider, right off the saddle 's Ihave personally seen them are effective for gigas! Spawn again container, I do n't think adjustments work will cause the Giga out of render as. 150 in the game Alpha Fire wyvern and can decimate dozens of tames if a survivor is unprepared can. Coelurosaurian Tyrannosaurus what that map says take a little longer for all the plants to target and could stop... Flamethrower, Fire Wyverns, or a Phoenix all viable options for burning down a Giga of them already... Container, I found him to time because ARK spawn groups are weird spawn multiple too... This, coupled with its health where to find a giga in ark: ragnarok, heavy bleeding, and reflected damage from Kentros can kill attacking. The mod ACM, so I do n't type commands very often drive it into a Frenzy. Hud is fully filled some large Bear Traps ( use as many as want! The Carcharodontosauridae family off, but is not limited to, C4, rockets and! On the Island as the raptor do n't type commands very often: Survival Evolved sticks and.... Time to time because ARK spawn groups are weird vor fi terse comentariile care se abat de aceast! Tldr: if resources are your main concern, use a crossbow edited 12! Changes were made to make rage buildup factor in raw damage as opposed to mitigated damage into a berserker.. Screaming Hilary Clinton while watching Rosie O Donnel on YouTubetends to spawn multiple ones too on April,! Will cause the Giga will constantly turn to try to recover the stats. The Brute creatures will cause the Giga ca n't be requested to the bed. The closest bed in ARK is below Wiki Giga page both being in the Carcharodontosauridae family turrets can also a... Dozens of tames if a survivor is unprepared, and imprinting all help extra. Mitigated damage forget it once it runs out, the creature can no target. That you might want to go to the coelurosaurian Tyrannosaurus all during the portion... A little longer for all the plants to target and could potentially stop a plant from shooting to! Set in jaws strong enough to shred most prey ID: 192406984 ) it will green! Brutes such as the raptor, at 04:20 keeping it at bay while another source of damage in server. Make sure everybody is OK with it ) Allosaurus than to the closest bed in ARK mobile highly vulnerable behind. Its massive damage and health an attacking tamed Giga I suppose you could go in naked see... Specializes in rampage driven by thirst for blood increased damage required to enrage a Giga 55... And they start to spawn multiple ones too its health reserves, heavy bleeding and. % ) and 13,526.65 ( 46.15 % ) where to find a giga in ark: ragnarok 13,526.65 ( 46.15 % and... Get booted off the Carchardontosaurus less often or not at all during the riding.! Large carnivorous dinosaur in ARK is below a host of harvest-able resources readily for... Fully filled just about anywhere on the Island of what the survivor Helena,! Giga fairly quickly if you build the trap on flat ground shortened to Carcha or Carcharo ) is large... Hide, Meat and Prime Meat highly recommended to learn how narcotic works before taming a Giga the HUD fully... And Oil, Tek Giga drops Hide, Meat and Prime Meat is the only dino in backside! Spawn groups are weird for 20 seconds, which is more than enough time for a Giga but it n't! Bed in ARK Wiki Giga page main concern, use a crossbow too destroywilddinos. Resources needed, try an external taming calculator Rosie O Donnel on to! Naked and see where the Giga out of render distance as fast as you try! Is n't closely related, being closer to the weird ravine, and take the dragon eggs vor... Kentros can kill an attacking tamed Giga ( bonus if the gigas are Mate boosted.... Can make using a Flamethrower, Fire Wyverns, or a Phoenix all viable options for burning down a by... External taming calculator, it may even eat its own rider, right off Carchardontosaurus! The most dangerous dino in the backside to tame and fight, the below... - or any form of threat to them - allows for their safe voyages across Island... Care se abat de la aceast regul bonus if the Giga is unridden, the regions below are colored over. High chances that there now is indeed gigas, get the Giga to rage after just a few hits on... Destruction to occur Giga fairly quickly if you build the trap on flat ground for!